Fig. 7

Tph2 deficiency in rats leads to maternal affiliation deficits, which can be rescued through communal nesting (CN), as compared to standard nesting (SN). (A) Overview of the homing test as a proxy for maternal affiliation in in Tph2−/− (KO) and Tph2+/− (HET) rat pups, compared to Tph2+/+ (WT) littermate controls. (B) Maternal affiliation as measured through the time spent in the clean bedding zone versus the soiled bedding zone containing maternal odors, depending on nesting condition. (C) Total number of line crossings, depending on nesting condition. (D) Total number of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations, depending on nesting condition. (E) Total calling time, depending on nesting condition. SN = standard nesting (blue), CN = communal nesting (orange). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Effect of genotype: *** p < .001; Effect of zone: ### p < .001, ## p < .01. N(WT-SN) = 16, N(HET-SN) = 18, N(KO-SN) = 19, N(WT-CN) = 12, N(HET-CN) = 12, N(KO-CN) = 17