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Table 2 Somatosensory reflexes

From: Socio-affective communication in Tph2-deficient rat pups: communal nesting aggravates growth retardation despite ameliorating maternal affiliation deficits

Somatosensory Reflexes

Nesting

Genotype

P2

P4

P6

P8

P10

P12

P14

Grasping Reflex (n)

SN

WT

2.19 ± 0.31

2.13 ± 0.24

2.38 ± 0.22

2.56 ± 0.16

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

###, **, §§§, €€

 

HET

2.67 ± 0.18

2.28 ± 0.16

2.06 ± 0.25

2.67 ± 0.16

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

  

KO

2.74 ± 0.17

2.89 ± 0.11

2.68 ± 0.15

2.89 ± 0.07

3.00 ± 0.00

2.95 ± 0.05

2.95 ± 0.05

 

CN

WT

2.75 ± 0.18

1.92 ± 0.34

2.50 ± 0.19

2.75 ± 0.13

2.92 ± 0.08

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

  

HET

2.42 ± 0.23

2.33 ± 0.28

2.33 ± 0.22

2.67 ± 0.19

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

  

KO

2.71 ± 0.19

2.94 ± 0.06

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

Forelimb Placing (n)

SN

WT

0.31 ± 0.15

1.06 ± 0.30

2.06 ± 0.19

2.44 ± 0.22

2.75 ± 0.11

2.88 ± 0.09

2.81 ± 0.10

###,***,%%,§§§,$$,@,€€

 

HET

0.61 ± 0.18

0.94 ± 0.25

2.28 ± 0.21

2.56 ± 0.18

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

2.94 ± 0.06

  

KO

0.05 ± 0.05

0.21 ± 0.10

0.79 ± 0.24

1.26 ± 0.18

1.84 ± 0.19

2.05 ± 0.25

1.74 ± 0.21

 

CN

WT

0.25 ± 0.13

1.92 ± 0.36

2.67 ± 0.14

2.67 ± 0.26

2.83 ± 0.17

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

  

HET

0.58 ± 0.23

2.08 ± 0.29

2.58 ± 0.19

3.00 ± 0.00

2.75 ± 0.18

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

  

KO

0.00 ± 0.00

0.06 ± 0.06

0.76 ± 0.25

0.59 ± 0.19

1.29 ± 0.31

1.94 ± 0.23

2.24 ± 0.18

Righting Reflex (s)

SN

WT

24.34 ± 4.37

21.77 ± 6.36

3.61 ± 0.86

1.17 ± 0.11

2.22 ± 0.84

0.83 ± 0.08

0.74 ± 0.09

###,§,Ω

 

HET

25.63 ± 4.52

10.97 ± 2.53

4.86 ± 3.25

2.21 ± 1.06

0.89 ± 0.07

0.86 ± 0.08

0.65 ± 0.06

  

KO

11.74 ± 3.18

4.87 ± 1.80

1.68 ± 0.25

1.40 ± 0.11

1.98 ± 0.44

1.78 ± 0.58

1.16 ± 0.16

 

CN

WT

19.31 ± 4.47

23.31 ± 7.32

2.02 ± 0.26

7.56 ± 4.93

4.59 ± 3.51

5.28 ± 4.62

0.68 ± 0.10

  

HET

17.18 ± 3.69

24.8 ± 6.28

1.56 ± 0.27

1.21 ± 0.22

3.15 ± 1.79

0.82 ± 0.08

0.57 ± 0.08

  

KO

21.34 ± 4.25

11.29 ± 4.47

1.66 ± 0.15

5.20 ± 3.43

5.03 ± 3.44

1.42 ± 0.29

0.93 ± 0.17

Level Screen (n)

SN

WT

0.31 ± 0.12

1.31 ± 0.15

2.13 ± 0.13

2.25 ± 0.14

2.75 ± 0.11

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

###,§§§,$

 

HET

0.28 ± 0.14

1.28 ± 0.16

1.83 ± 0.15

2.44 ± 0.15

2.67 ± 0.11

2.94 ± 0.06

3.00 ± 0.00

  

KO

0.42 ± 0.12

0.74 ± 0.20

1.89 ± 0.15

2.63 ± 0.11

2.79 ± 0.10

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

 

CN

WT

0.42 ± 0.15

1.17 ± 0.17

1.83 ± 0.11

2.00 ± 0.12

2.75 ± 0.13

2.92 ± 0.08

3.00 ± 0.00

  

HET

0.58 ± 0.15

1.25 ± 0.13

1.67 ± 0.14

2.42 ± 0.15

2.42 ± 0.15

2.92 ± 0.08

3.00 ± 0.00

  

KO

0.53 ± 0.15

0.82 ± 0.15

1.41 ± 0.19

2.41 ± 0.12

2.65 ± 0.12

3.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 0.00

Negative Geotaxis (s)

SN

WT

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

49.94 ± 5.41

12.4 ± 3.82

7.79 ± 0.80

9.43 ± 0.93

###,§§§

 

HET

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

28.62 ± 6.11

16.2 ± 4.78

7.69 ± 0.85

12.26 ± 1.88

  

KO

57.15 ± 2.85

60.00 ± 0.00

50.84 ± 4.26

23.75 ± 4.14

17.09 ± 1.89

24.73 ± 3.90

41.33 ± 4.34

 

CN

WT

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

44.96 ± 6.51

14.61 ± 4.70

7.16 ± 1.55

12.89 ± 3.12

  

HET

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

43.56 ± 7.13

12.18 ± 4.63

8.84 ± 1.72

12.89 ± 2.94

  

KO

60.00 ± 0.00

60.00 ± 0.00

51.18 ± 4.00

34.5 ± 5.29

19.47 ± 3.26

19.06 ± 2.56

26.12 ± 4.91

Vertical Screen (s)

SN

WT

1.03 ± 0.40

1.74 ± 0.32

8.79 ± 1.97

14.41 ± 2.77

18.51 ± 4.07

35.58 ± 5.59

49.23 ± 4.99

###,**

 

HET

0.79 ± 0.25

2.59 ± 0.40

12.71 ± 3.43

14.39 ± 3.13

20.38 ± 3.74

30.54 ± 4.46

51.47 ± 4.44

  

KO

1.94 ± 0.55

6.32 ± 1.66

15.07 ± 3.59

12.58 ± 2.46

27.23 ± 5.80

38.21 ± 5.13

58.07 ± 1.72

 

CN

WT

0.86 ± 0.37

2.63 ± 0.65

11.15 ± 1.92

11.82 ± 2.14

24.04 ± 5.92

25.1 ± 6.35

60.00 ± 0.00

  

HET

0.00 ± 0.00

5.73 ± 2.35

9.88 ± 1.89

21.97 ± 4.12

11.70 ± 2.56

23.9 ± 5.48

56.51 ± 3.49

  

KO

0.32 ± 0.15

4.15 ± 1.24

11.06 ± 2.73

24.56 ± 5.47

30.94 ± 5.79

45.71 ± 5.03

60.00 ± 0.00

Cliff Avoidance (s)

SN

WT

25.61 ± 2.39

30.00 ± 0.00

28.22 ± 1.66

15.88 ± 2.78

9.65 ± 2.10

11.18 ± 2.23

7.92 ± 2.35

###,§

 

HET

27.47 ± 1.75

28.88 ± 1.12

27.09 ± 1.62

20.3 ± 2.56

13.06 ± 2.15

9.00 ± 1.73

10.05 ± 2.63

  

KO

28.49 ± 1.51

21.63 ± 2.91

22.36 ± 2.72

20.59 ± 2.64

11.24 ± 2.55

16.22 ± 3.81

12.11 ± 2.66

 

CN

WT

21.43 ± 3.66

30.00 ± 0.00

27.82 ± 2.18

17.29 ± 3.37

10.59 ± 2.34

11.52 ± 1.48

8.25 ± 2.81

  

HET

27.62 ± 2.36

30.00 ± 0.00

28.09 ± 1.69

25.13 ± 2.16

13.43 ± 3.06

8.91 ± 1.92

7.10 ± 1.94

  

KO

23.45 ± 2.61

28.84 ± 1.16

25.33 ± 2.52

20.16 ± 3.01

15.36 ± 2.92

12.96 ± 3.04

7.20 ± 1.78

Bar Holding (s)

SN

WT

2.87 ± 0.45

12.91 ± 4.67

35.48 ± 4.61

32.62 ± 4.55

14.68 ± 2.57

11.64 ± 1.59

14.75 ± 3.07

###,**,§

 

HET

2.86 ± 0.32

11.99 ± 2.78

32.15 ± 4.97

41.73 ± 4.62

19.73 ± 2.97

10.54 ± 0.87

15.62 ± 2.46

  

KO

3.31 ± 0.72

11.58 ± 2.95

25.81 ± 5.61

19.45 ± 2.77

8.94 ± 1.26

7.14 ± 1.45

7.09 ± 1.36

 

CN

WT

1.58 ± 0.32

5.09 ± 1.02

37.67 ± 5.88

29.26 ± 5.00

16.01 ± 3.18

10.67 ± 1.51

10.45 ± 1.63

  

HET

1.88 ± 0.26

8.10 ± 2.06

28.26 ± 5.73

29.17 ± 3.89

14.29 ± 1.99

9.01 ± 1.16

13.72 ± 2.88

  

KO

5.73 ± 3.41

12.88 ± 3.78

21.30 ± 4.99

22.66 ± 4.48

15.23 ± 2.73

5.07 ± 1.13

6.11 ± 1.14

Auditory Startle (s)

SN

WT

0.00 ± 0.00

0.06 ± 0.06

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.63 ± 0.29

2.31 ± 0.30

###, + ,Ω

 

HET

0.06 ± 0.06

0.11 ± 0.11

0.11 ± 0.11

0.06 ± 0.06

0.00 ± 0.00

0.28 ± 0.19

2.17 ± 0.25

  

KO

0.00 ± 0.00

0.05 ± 0.05

0.05 ± 0.05

0.05 ± 0.05

0.00 ± 0.00

0.26 ± 0.18

2.47 ± 0.22

 

CN

WT

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

2.00 ± 0.35

  

HET

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

2.17 ± 0.34

  

KO

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.00 ± 0.00

0.06 ± 0.06

2.18 ± 0.32

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. P = postnatal day. (n) = Semi-quantitative rating (0 = Absent, 1 = Uncertain, 2 = Present and 3 = Evident). Effect of age: ###p < .001. Effect of genotype: ***p < .001; **p < .01. Effect of nesting: + p < .05. Effect of sex: %%p < .01. Interaction age x genotype: §§§p < .001; §p < .05. Interaction age x nesting: $$p < .01; $p < .05. Interaction nesting x genotype: @p < .05. Interaction sex x genotype: €€p < .01. Interaction age x nesting x sex: Ω p < .05.