Table 4 Self-reported health outcomes for transgender/gender diverse and cisgender autistic adults compared to cisgender non-autistic adults

Physical health conditions

Rates of diagnosed conditions

1.690 (1.44, 2.87)

4.48 × \({10}^{-10}\) (***)

1.48 (1.25, 1.77)

1.38 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.05 (1.47, 2.87)

2.94 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.35 (1.67, 3.34)

1.90 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

Rates of suspected conditions

1.71 (1.44, 2.04)

1.44 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

1.56 (1.30, 1.88)

2.94 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

2.30 (1.60, 3.38)

1.50 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.53 (1.74, 3.75)

2.86 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

Rates of condition assessment recommendations

1.71 (1.45, 2.03)

2.78 × \({10}^{-10}\) (***)

1.55 (1.30, 1.85)

2.07 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

2.30 (1.53, 2.03)

1.63 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.46 (1.73, 3.53)

1.09 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

Specific physical health conditions

Arthritis/ongoing back or joint problems

1.79 (1.47, 2.18)

7.83 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

1.63 (1.32, 2.01)

6.49 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

1.98 (1.38, 2.82)

1.94 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

2.27 (1.55, 3.31)

2.82 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

Blindness/partial sight

0.80 (0.50, 1.28)

0.38

1.03 (0.62, 1.69)

0.91

0.50 (0.12, 1.39)

0.26

0.57 (0.14, 1.62)

0.38

Breathing conditions

1.56 (1.28, 1.90)

1.47 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

1.50 (1.22, 1.85)

1.19 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

1.98 (1.38, 2.82)

1.76 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

1.95 (1.36, 2.79)

3.01 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

Cancer

0.75 (0.50, 1.11)

0.17

0.80 (0.52, 1.21)

0.31

0.57 (0.20, 1.30)

0.24

0.83 (0.28, 2.05)

0.73

Deafness or hearing loss

1.881 (1.358, 2.623)

1.89 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

1.705 (1.214, 2.407)

0.00 (**)

1.067 (0.487, 2.078)

0.88

1.360 (0.61, 2.70)

0.44

Diabetes

1.84 (1.26, 2.72)

0.00 (**)

1.74 (1.17, 2.62)

0.01 (**)

1.34 (0.58, 2.74)

0.48

1.79 (0.75, 3.8)

0.16

Heart conditions

1.99 (1.45, 2.74)

2.59 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

1.95 (1.41, 2.72)

8.02 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

1.24 (0.61, 2.30)

0.55

1.68 (0.81, 3.18)

0.15

High blood pressure

1.22 (0.96, 1.55)

0.11

1.13 (0.87, 1.48)

0.37

1.01 (0.61, 1.61)

0.98

1.76 (1.01, 2.94)

0.04 (*)

Intellectual disability

3.75 (2.20, 6.72)

3.61 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

2.71 (1.54, 4.97)

9.02 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

4.10 (1.72, 9.15)

8.79 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

3.48 (1.42, 8.03)

0.00 (**)

Kidney or liver disease

1.39 (0.89, 2.18)

0.16

1.62 (1.02, 2.60)

0.04 (*)

1.01 (0.34, 2.37)

1.00

1.45 (0.49, 2.60)

0.46

Neurological condition

2.04 (1.44, 2.92)

9.42 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.11 (1.47, 3.06)

7.98 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

5.18 (3.19, 8.31)

2.17 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

5.27 (3.20, 8.55)

4.58 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

Mental health conditions

Rates of diagnosed conditions

4.86 (4.04, 5.86)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.05 (4.16, 6.16)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

12.02 (7.24, 21.50)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

10.89 (6.53, 19.55)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

Rates of suspected conditions

1.99 (1.62, 2.45)

1.19 × \({10}^{-10}\) (***)

1.87 (1.50, 2.32)

2.43 × \({10}^{-8}\) (***)

2.88 (1.62, 4.86)

3.00 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.86 (1.78, 4.85)

4.35 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

Rates of condition assessment recommendations

5.04 (4.16, 6.13)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.27 (4.31, 6.46)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

14.70 (8.29, 29.0)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

13.27 (7.46, 26.25)

9.74 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

Specific mental health conditions

Anorexia nervosa

3.40 (2.30, 5.15)

3.17 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

3.60 (2.39, 5.55)

3.03 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

5.08 (2.84, 8.92)

2.83 × \({10}^{-8}\) (***)

3.99 (2.20, 7.09)

3.95 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

Anxiety

3.86 (3.26, 4.58)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

3.84 (3.21, 4.60)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

6.00 (4.25, 8.61)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.24 (3.69, 7.56)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

ADHD

3.27 (2.43, 4.44)

2.04 × \({10}^{-14}\) (***)

4.82 (3.50, 6.71)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.47 (3.52, 8.41)

3.40 × \({10}^{-14}\) (***)

6.73 (4.24, 10.60)

7.13 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

Binge eating

1.80 (1.17, 2.80)

0.01 (**)

1.82 (1.16, 2.89)

0.01 (**)

1.29 (0.48, 2.89)

0.60

1.10 (0.41, 2.51)

0.83

Bipolar disorder

2.200 (1.453, 3.384)

2.76 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

2.377 (1.541, 3.724)

1.34 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

3.396 (1.766, 6.243)

1.54 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

3.48 (1.78, 6.51)

1.77 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

Bulimia

3.23 (1.87, 5.82)

5.57 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

3.51 (1.99, 6.50)

3.64 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

2.69 (0.96, 6.56)

0.04 (*)

2.09 (0.74, 5.18)

0.14

Depression

3.70 (3.12, 4.38)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

3.61 (3.03, 4.32)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.20 (3.69, 7.44)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

4.89 (3.45, 7.03)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

Insomnia

2.58 (2.06, 3.25)

5.02 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

3.01 (2.37, 3.83)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

3.56 (2.44, 5.14)

3.34 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

3.63 (2.47, 5.30)

5.86 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

OCD

6.08 (4.21, 9.03)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

6.62 (4.50, 10.00)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

6.52 (3.78, 11.13)

1.39 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

5.65 (3.24, 9.78)

1.09 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

Panic disorder

2.59 (1.92, 3.51)

8.19 × \({10}^{-10}\) (***)

3.02 (2.21, 4.16)

1.27 × \({10}^{-11}\) (***)

4.16 (2.63, 6.48)

7.46 × \({10}^{-10}\) (***)

4.13 (2.57, 6.56)

4.12 × \({10}^{-9}\) (***)

Personality disorder

4.82 (3.27, 7.29)

2.05 × \({10}^{-14}\) (***)

4.77 (3.20, 7.32)

2.31 × \({10}^{-13}\) (***)

5.13 (2.82, 9.12)

5.12 × \({10}^{-8}\) (***)

4.01 (2.18, 7.23)

6.31 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

PTSD

3.23 (2.47, 4.25)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

3.68 (2.78, 4.91)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.72 (3.83, 8.50)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.67 (3.74, 8.53)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

Postnatal depression

1.74 (1.19, 2.58)

0.00 (**)

1.70 (1.14, 2.55)

0.01 (*)

0.80 (0.28, 1.87)

0.66

0.72 (0.24, 1.71)

0.51

Schizophrenia

6.28 (2.61, 18.62)

2.01 × \({10}^{-4}\) (***)

7.24 (2.94, 21.82)

9.17 × \({10}^{-5}\) (***)

4.53 (0.92, 18.61)

0.04 (*)

4.89 (0.97, 20.70)

0.03 (*)

Seasonal affective disorder

3.07 (2.04, 4.73)

1.92× \({10}^{-7}\) (***)

3.17 (2.07, 4.94)

2.4 × \({10}^{-7}\) (***)

4.27 (2.27, 7.78)

4.00 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

4.35 (2.29, 8.02)

4.63 × \({10}^{-6}\) (***)

Self-harm

4.10 (3.17, 5.35)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

4.58 (3.70, 6.09)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

7.59 (5.18, 11.10)

4.00 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)

5.84 (3.92, 8.69)

4.67 × \({10}^{-16}\) (***)