Fig. 1

Pedigrees of the 15 families included in the study. Individuals with language development disorders are depicted in black. Grey indicates transient language delays, or forms considered moderate because they have no impact on daily life, schooling or professional integration. An asterisk (*) denotes those who underwent exome or genome sequencing. Variants of interest, when identified, are marked as “m” beneath the corresponding individual in the pedigree. Wt indicates wild type